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TRABZON (\u0130HA) \u2013 Trabzon\u2019nun Ortahisar il\u00e7esi Boztepe Mahallesi\u2019nde yer alan Kaymakl\u0131 Manast\u0131r\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ismini ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 rivayet edilen mand\u0131ra ve \u00e7e\u015fme, y\u0131llar\u0131n getirdi\u011fi tahribata dayamayarak yok oldu.<\/p>\n
Kaymakl\u0131 Manast\u0131r\u0131\u2019na ismini nereden ald\u0131\u011f\u0131yla ilgili iki rivayetten ilkinin \u00e7an kulesinin yan\u0131nda bulunan \u00e7e\u015fmeden s\u00fct akt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in bu manast\u0131r\u0131n ad\u0131n\u0131n kaymakl\u0131 manast\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011fu, ikincisinin ise manast\u0131r\u0131n i\u00e7inde bir mand\u0131ra bulundu\u011fu ve buradan s\u00fct ve kaymak \u00fcretilerek halka sat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in isminin kaymakl\u0131 manast\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011fu belirtildi. Bu rivayetlerde belirtilen \u00e7e\u015fme ve mand\u0131ra, bak\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011fa ve y\u0131llar\u0131n getirdi\u011fi tahribata dayamayarak yok oldu. 1915 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar Ermeni dini ya\u015fam\u0131n merkezi oldu\u011fu ve Suriye\u2019ye s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edilen Ermenilerin toplanma yeri olarak kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 kaydedilen Kaymakl\u0131 Manast\u0131r\u0131\u2019n\u0131n 1914-1918 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda bir yang\u0131n ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi ve bu tarihten sonra terk edilerek farkl\u0131 ama\u00e7larla kullan\u0131lmaya ba\u015fland\u0131\u011f\u0131, burada ya\u015fayan \u00f6zel m\u00fclk sahibi aile taraf\u0131ndan korunmaya devam edildi\u011fi belirtildi. \u00d6zel m\u00fclkiyete ait olan ve zaman zaman ziyaret edilen manast\u0131rda uzun y\u0131llard\u0131r restorasyon \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 yap\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6zlendi.<\/p>\n
\u201c\u00d6zel m\u00fclkiyete ait bir\u00e7ok manast\u0131r var\u201d<\/p>\n
B\u00f6lgede \u00f6zel m\u00fclkiyete ait \u00e7ok say\u0131da manast\u0131r\u0131n bulundu\u011funa dikkat \u00e7eken Karadeniz Teknik \u00dcniversitesi (KT\u00dc) Uluslararas\u0131 \u0130li\u015fkiler B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc Siyasi Tarih Anabilim Dal\u0131 \u00d6\u011fretim \u00dcyesi Do\u00e7. Dr. \u0130smail K\u00f6se, \u201cBu b\u00f6lgede \u00e7ok yo\u011fun bir Ermeni n\u00fcfusunun ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 biliyoruz. Bu nedenle tam say\u0131 vermek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fil ama 100\u2019l\u00fc ve 200\u2019l\u00fc rakamlarda kilise ve manast\u0131r var bu b\u00f6lgede. B\u00f6lgede en fazla manast\u0131r Ma\u00e7ka b\u00f6lgesinde yer al\u0131yor. Bunlar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u00f6zel m\u00fclkiyete ait. Bunlar\u0131n \u00f6zel m\u00fclkiyetten kamula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131p restore edilmesi \u00f6nemli bir maliyete ve planlamaya ihtiya\u00e7 duyuyor\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n
\u201cKaymakl\u0131 Manast\u0131r\u0131 Ayasofya ile benzerlik g\u00f6steriyor\u201d<\/p>\n
Kaymakl\u0131 Manast\u0131r\u0131\u2019n\u0131n Ayasofya ile benzerlik g\u00f6sterdi\u011fini kaydeden Do\u00e7. Dr. \u0130smail K\u00f6se, \u201cKaymakl\u0131 Manast\u0131r\u0131\u2019nda yer alan freskler Ayasofya\u2019dakilerle benzerlik ta\u015f\u0131yor. Bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00e7ok net g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Freskler Ortodoks \u00fcslubunu bize and\u0131r\u0131r. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar ula\u015fan bu fresklerin 1500-1600\u2019l\u00fc y\u0131llardan kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcr. Mimarisine bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan be\u015fgen bir yap\u0131da oldu\u011funu, i\u00e7eride ise yuvarlak bir apsisin bulundu\u011funu g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz ki bu da Ayasofya ile birebir ayn\u0131d\u0131r. Manast\u0131r\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131na bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda \u00e7ok say\u0131da Ermeni ta\u015f oyma ha\u00e7lar\u0131yla yani \u2019Ka\u00e7ka\u2019lar ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131r\u0131z. \u0130\u00e7eride bulunan Fresklere bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda son yarg\u0131 sahnesinin bat\u0131 k\u0131sm\u0131nda yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz\u201d \u015feklinde konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n
\u201cTrabzon\u2019da Hristiyanl\u0131k da\u011fl\u0131k alanlarda geli\u015fmi\u015f\u201d<\/p>\n
Kaymakl\u0131 Manast\u0131r\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u00f6zellikleri ve tarih\u00e7esiyle ilgili bilgi veren K\u00f6se, \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6yledi:<\/p>\n
“1424 y\u0131l\u0131nda Hoca (Koca) Stefan \u015eemsedli ile Hoca (Koca) Ba\u011fdasar taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan manast\u0131r, yap\u0131lar toplulu\u011fu dikd\u00f6rtgen alan i\u00e7erisinde, ortada tek apsisli kilise, kuzeybat\u0131da \u00e7an kulesi, g\u00fcneydo\u011fuda ise k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir \u015fapel ve manast\u0131r h\u00fccrelerinden olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. D\u00f6nemin Osmanl\u0131 Padi\u015fah\u0131 III. Murat sadece s\u00fct \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinden olu\u015fan bir yemekte bu manast\u0131rda a\u011f\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f ve manast\u0131r\u0131n arazilerini onaylam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bundan sonra manast\u0131r Ye\u015fil Manast\u0131r olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve daha sonra Kaymakl\u0131 ad\u0131n\u0131 alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kaynaklar \u00e7ok net olmamakla beraber Ermeniler Trabzon\u2019a 1402 y\u0131l\u0131ndan itibaren Timur\u2019un Anadolu istilas\u0131 sonras\u0131nda Sivas\u2019dan g\u00f6\u00e7 etmi\u015ftir. Kapadokya\u2019da yer alt\u0131 \u015fehirlerinde geli\u015fen Hristiyanl\u0131k\u2019\u0131n Kuzey Anadolu\u2019nun Karadeniz k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131nda ve Trabzon\u2019da da\u011fl\u0131k alanlarda geli\u015fti\u011fi biliyoruz. Ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nem Trabzon\u2019da Mitra k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn yani ma\u011fara tap\u0131n\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n oldu\u011funu Boztepe\u2019de bulunan Mitra heykelinden anlayabiliriz. Kaymakl\u0131 Manast\u0131r\u0131\u2019n\u0131n Ermenice ismi \u2019mutlak koruyucu\u2019 olarak Hz. \u0130sa\u2019ya ithafen yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda kilise gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr. Yan tarafta papazlar\u0131n topland\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir narteski mevcuttur. Manast\u0131r\u0131n do\u011fu taraf\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir kompleks yer al\u0131r. Bug\u00fcn ayakta kalan bina sadece ayinlerin yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 binad\u0131r.\u201d