![](\"http:\/\/www.erzurumflas.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/kalp-krizinde-erken-mudahalenin-onemi_2338b2b.jpg\")
G\u00f6\u011f\u00fcste aniden ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan a\u011fr\u0131 ve s\u0131k\u0131\u015fma hissiyle ba\u015flayan kalp krizinde erken m\u00fcdahale \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli. Erken m\u00fcdahale hem hayati riskin azalt\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 hem de kalp kas\u0131n\u0131n zarar g\u00f6rmeden kurtulabilmesini sa\u011flayabiliyor.<\/p>\n
Diyabet, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 kilo, k\u00f6t\u00fc beslenme ve hareketsizlik gibi kalp hastal\u0131klar\u0131na yol a\u00e7abilecek fakt\u00f6rlerde yap\u0131lacak olumlu de\u011fi\u015fiklikler, hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131 geciktirebiliyor. Kalp damar\u0131ndaki plaklar\u0131n aniden y\u0131rt\u0131lmas\u0131 ve \u00fczerine p\u0131ht\u0131 oturmas\u0131 ile kalp damar\u0131 aniden t\u0131kanabilir, sonu\u00e7ta kalp kas\u0131 oksijensiz kal\u0131r. Oksijensiz kalan kalp kas\u0131 h\u00fccreleri bir s\u00fcre sonra \u00f6lmeye ba\u015flar. Bu s\u00fcrece “kalp krizi=miyokart infarkt\u00fcs\u00fc” ad\u0131 verilir.<\/p>\n
Medicana Samsun Hastanesi Kalp Damar Cerrahisi B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden Dr. \u00d6\u011fretim \u00dcyesi Hac\u0131 Akar, kalp krizinde \u00f6nemli ad\u0131mlar konusunda bilgi verdi. Dr. Akar, \u201cKalbin fonksiyonlar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6rebilmesi i\u00e7in yeterli miktarda oksijene ihtiyac\u0131 vard\u0131r. Damar sertli\u011fi sonucu ileri derecede daralan koroner damarlar\u0131n i\u00e7inde p\u0131ht\u0131 olu\u015fup t\u0131kanmas\u0131 sonucu o damar\u0131n besledi\u011fi kalp b\u00f6lgesine yeterli oksijen gidemeyince 20 dakika i\u00e7erisinde bu b\u00f6lgedeki kalp adalesi \u00f6lmeye ba\u015flar. Bu duruma kalp krizi (myokartinfaktus ) ad\u0131 verilir. Ani kalp damar\u0131 t\u0131kanmas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan kalp krizinde en \u00f6nemli nokta, g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 gibi belirtiler ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar \u00e7\u0131kmaz ki\u015finin tam donan\u0131ml\u0131 bir hastaneye ba\u015fvurmas\u0131 ve sa\u011fl\u0131k yard\u0131m\u0131 almas\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6l\u00fcmlerin yar\u0131s\u0131 kalp krizi ba\u015flad\u0131ktan sonraki ilk saat i\u00e7inde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Bu nedenle m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olan en k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede kalp krizine m\u00fcdahale edilecek d\u00fczeyde bir sa\u011fl\u0131k kurulu\u015funa ba\u015fvurmak \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. Tedaviye ne kadar erken ba\u015flan\u0131rsa, t\u0131kanan damar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131c\u0131 tedavi y\u00f6ntemleri de en k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede uygulanabilir ve kalbin hasar g\u00f6rmesinin \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ilmi\u015f olur. Hastaya hastanede m\u00fcdahalede \u00f6nemli olan h\u0131zl\u0131 tan\u0131 konulmas\u0131 ve m\u00fcdahalenin uygun bir \u015fekilde yap\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r. Sa\u011fl\u0131k deneyiminiz yoksa kalp krizi ge\u00e7iren birine m\u00fcdahale etmeyin, ba\u015fka hastalara veya kendinize ait kalp ila\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 vermeyin. Hemen ambulans yard\u0131m\u0131 isteyerek hastay\u0131 en yak\u0131n tam donan\u0131ml\u0131 bir hastaneye ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n. Bu esnada, kalp krizi ge\u00e7iren ki\u015fiyi uygun bir yere yat\u0131r\u0131n. Ayaklar\u0131n\u0131 kalp seviyesinin \u00fczerine kald\u0131rarak, kalbe daha \u00e7ok kan ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131n. \u00dczerindeki s\u0131k\u0131 olan k\u0131yafetleri gev\u015fetmek, kravat\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zmek gibi yard\u0131mlarda bulunun. \u00d6nemli olan, hastay\u0131 tetkik ve tedavilerinin, yerinde ve uygun \u015fekilde yap\u0131labilece\u011fi bir hastaneye ula\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131zd\u0131r\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n
\u0130lk saatler alt\u0131n de\u011ferinde<\/p>\n
\u0130lk saatlerin alt\u0131n de\u011ferinde oldu\u011funu anlatan Dr. \u00d6\u011fretim \u00dcyesi Hac\u0131 Akar, \u201cTecr\u00fcbeler \u015funu g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir ki hi\u00e7 kimse kendine kalp hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yak\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmamakta ve \u015fikayetleri ba\u015fka \u015feylere yorumlamaktad\u0131rlar. B\u00f6ylece doktora gitmeyen ve kalp krizi ge\u00e7iren hastalar \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00fcm riski almaktad\u0131rlar. Bu d\u00f6nemi sa\u011f olarak atlatan hastalar ise tedavi i\u00e7in alt\u0131n de\u011ferindeki ilk saatleri tedavisiz ge\u00e7irerek tedavisi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayan ve \u00f6m\u00fcr boyu bunun ac\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ekece\u011fi ciddi kal\u0131c\u0131 kalp hasarlar\u0131na maruz kal\u0131rlar. Kalp krizi \u015f\u00fcphesi olan bir ki\u015fide ilk yap\u0131lacak test k\u0131saca EKG denilen elektrokardiyografidir. EKG\u2019de te\u015fhis koydurucu de\u011fi\u015fikler yoksa, kalp krizi olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlamak i\u00e7in kan tahlili yapmak gerekir. \u2018Kalpte h\u00fccre \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc var m\u0131?\u2019 sorusuna cevap vermek i\u00e7in kanda baz\u0131 \u00f6zel maddelerin d\u00fczeyini saptamak gerekir. Kanda CK-MB d\u00fczeyinin y\u00fckselmesi, t\u0131bbi ad\u0131 \u2018miyokard enfarkt\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019 olan, kalp krizinin te\u015fhis edilmesini kolayla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131. Ama kan d\u00fczeyinde y\u00fckselme, kriz ba\u015flar ba\u015flamaz ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaz, genellikle 4 saat sonra artmaya ba\u015flar. Bu nedenle hekimler ilk kan testi normal \u00e7\u0131ksa da, hastay\u0131 acil poliklinikte tutup kan tahlilini 6 ve 12 saat sonra tekrar etmek isterler. CK-MB d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalp krizinin 2-3 saat i\u00e7inde te\u015fhis edilmesini sa\u011flayan troponin testi t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyada yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131yor. CK-MB veya troponin y\u00fckselmesi, kalp h\u00fccresinin \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn kan\u0131t\u0131d\u0131r ama h\u00fccrelerin neden \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6stermez. \u00c7o\u011funlukla kalpteki h\u00fccre \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn nedeni damar t\u0131kanmas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Ama ender de olsa ba\u015fka nedenler de bu maddelerin kanda y\u00fckselmesine yol a\u00e7abilir. Kalp krizi ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi kesin olarak te\u015fhis edilen hastalar koroner yo\u011fun bak\u0131m \u00fcnitesine al\u0131narak tedavilerin bu \u00f6zel alanda devam etmesi sa\u011flanmal\u0131d\u0131r\u201d diye konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n
Koroner yo\u011fun bak\u0131m \u00fcnitelerinin \u00f6nemi<\/p>\n
Koroner yo\u011fun bak\u0131m \u00fcnitelerinin \u00f6nemine de\u011finen Dr. Hac\u0131 Akar \u015fu bilgileri verdi:<\/p>\n
\u201cKalp krizi ge\u00e7iren hastalar mutlaka koroner bak\u0131m \u00fcnitelerinde takip ve tedavi edilmelidir. Burada s\u00fcrekli kan bas\u0131n\u00e7lar\u0131, kalp at\u0131\u015flar\u0131, EKG\u2019si takip edilen hastada olu\u015fabilecek en k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bozulma an\u0131nda tedavi edilebilir. Bu d\u00f6nemde \u00f6l\u00fcmlerin en b\u00fcy\u00fck nedeni olan \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl ritim bozukluklar\u0131 \u015fok aleti ile kolayca tedavi edilebilir. Yetersiz kalp at\u0131\u015flar\u0131 veya kalbin durmas\u0131 halinde ge\u00e7ici kalp pili (pacemaker) tak\u0131larak hasta sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na kavu\u015fturulabilir. Bu \u00fcnitede yap\u0131lan modern tedavilerle kalp hasar\u0131 azalt\u0131labilir. \u0130lk saatlerde kan p\u0131ht\u0131s\u0131yla t\u0131kanm\u0131\u015f damar\u0131n trombolitik tedavi (p\u0131ht\u0131 erici tedavi) ile erkenden a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 sayesinde kalp hasar\u0131 en aza indirilebilir. Bu nedenle hastan\u0131n \u015fikayetinin ba\u015flamas\u0131 ile koroner bak\u0131m \u00fcnitesine yatmas\u0131 aras\u0131nda ge\u00e7en zaman \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. Hasta ne kadar erken gelirse t\u0131kal\u0131 kalp damar\u0131 o kadar erken a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r ve kalpteki kal\u0131c\u0131 hasarda o kadar az olur. 6 saatten sonra gelen hastalarda kalpteki hasar en y\u00fcksek d\u00fczeydedir.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
MED\u0130CANA SAMSUN HASTANES\u0130 KALP DAMAR CERRAH\u0130S\u0130 B\u00d6L\u00dcM\u00dcNDEN DR. \u00d6\u011eRET\u0130M \u00dcYES\u0130 HACI AKAR.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1557075,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[14,20],"tags":[8773,1551,25362,89182,12864],"class_list":["post-1557074","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-saglik","category-turkiye","tag-erken","tag-kalp","tag-krizinde","tag-mudahalenin","tag-onemi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.erzhaber.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1557074","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.erzhaber.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.erzhaber.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.erzhaber.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.erzhaber.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1557074"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.erzhaber.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1557074\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.erzhaber.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1557075"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.erzhaber.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1557074"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.erzhaber.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1557074"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.erzhaber.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1557074"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}